Graduate Student Research and Publications

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    Physiotherapist’s musculoskeletal imaging profiling questionnaire: development, validation and pilot testing
    (South African Society of Physiotherapy, 2019) Onyeso, Ogochukwu K.; Umunnah, Joseph O.; Ibikunle, Peter O.; Odole, Adesola C.; Anyachukwu, Canice C.; Ezema, Charles I.; Nwankwo, Maduabuchukwu J.
    Background: Many countries have started adopting musculoskeletal imaging as part of physiotherapy practice and their educational programmes are expected to bridge the gaps in training. Objectives: To develop an instrument that can be used to explore the level and nature oftraining, attitude, competence and utilisation of musculoskeletal imaging among physiotherapists. Method: An exploratory sequential mixed methods design was used. An in-depth international literature search was conducted, followed by a focus group discussion (FGD). The FGD informants were recruited through maximum variation sampling. The results of the FGD and the information from relevant literature were used to draft the physiotherapist’s musculoskeletal imaging profile questionnaire (PMIPQ). The PMIPQ was then subjected to face, content and criterion validity and pilot testing. The final version of the PMIPQ consists of six domains: (A) demographic details, (B) nature of training in musculoskeletal imaging, (C) level of training, (D) attitude towards musculoskeletal imaging, (E) utilisation and (F) competence. Data were analysed using means, standard deviation, Spearman’s correlation (ρ) and Cronbach’s alpha (α); SPSS 20 software (p≤ 0.05). Results: The results showed that the PMIPQ has good psychometric properties: validity andinternal consistency. The test–retest reliability (p-value) across the domains was: C (0.973), D (0.979), E (0.842) and F (0.716). Conclusion: Physiotherapist’s musculoskeletal imaging profile questionnaire is a relevant instrument for assessing the musculoskeletal imaging profile of physiotherapists in Nigeria and in other countries with a similar scope of training and practice.
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    An evaluation of the nature and level of musculoskeletal imaging training in physiotherapy educational programmes in Nigeria
    (SpringerNature, 2020) Onyeso, Ogochukwu K.; Umunnah, Joseph O.; Ezema, Charles I.; Balogun, Joseph A.; Uchenwoke, Chigozie I.; Nwankwo, Maduabuchukwu J.; Oke, Kayode I.; Bello, Bashir; Nwosu, Ifeoma B.; Adje, Mishael E.
    Background: Deficiency in musculoskeletal imaging (MI) education will pose a great challenge to physiotherapists in clinical decision making in this era of first-contact physiotherapy practices in many developed and developing countries. This study evaluated the nature and the level of MI training received by physiotherapists who graduate from Nigerian universities. Methods: An online version of the previously validated Physiotherapist Musculoskeletal Imaging Profiling Questionnaire (PMIPQ) was administered to all eligible physiotherapists identified through the database of the Medical Rehabilitation Therapist Board of Nigeria. Data were obtained on demographics, nature, and level of training on MI procedures using the PMIPQ. Logistic regression, Friedman’s analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for the statistical analysis of collected data. Results: The results (n = 400) showed that only 10.0% of the respondents had a stand-alone entry-level course in MI, 92.8% did not have any MI placement during their clinical internship, and 67.3% had never attended a MI workshop. There was a significant difference in the level of training received across MI procedures [χ 2 (15) = 1285.899; p = 0.001]. However, there was no significant difference in the level of MI training across institutions of entry-level programme (p = 0.36). The study participants with transitional Doctor of Physiotherapy education were better trained in MI than their counterparts with a bachelor’s degree only (p = 0.047). Conclusions: Most physiotherapy programmes in Nigeria did not include a specific MI module; imaging instructions were mainly provided through clinical science courses. The overall self-reported level of MI training among the respondents was deficient. It is recommended that stand-alone MI education should be introduced in the early part of the entry-level physiotherapy curriculum.
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    Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal symptoms and associated risk factors among domestic gas workers and staff of works department in Enugu, Nigeria: A cross-sectional study
    (SpringerNature, 2020) Oluka, Chinenye D.; Obidike, Esther; Ezeukwu, Antoninus O.; Onyeso, Ogochukwu K.; Ekechukwu, Echezona N. D.
    Background: The impact of work-related musculoskeletal symptoms (WMSS) permeates various occupations. Objective: To compare WMSS and associated risk factors among domestic gas workers (DGWs) and staff of Works Department (SWD) in Enugu. Methods: One-hundred adults (DGW = 50, SWD = 50) participated in this cross-sectional study. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and a demographics questionnaire were used to assess the prevalence of WMSS and related risk factors. Data were analysed using independent t-test or Mann-Whitney U, chi-square, and logistic regression at p < 0.05. Results: The DGWs (86%) had a significantly (χ2 = 24.45, p < 0.001) higher WMSS than the SWD (38%). Lower-back (54%) and shoulder (52%) were the most affected body parts among the DGWs in comparison to the hips/thighs (20%) among the SWD. Work-related factors such as daily work-duration (χ2 = 75.44, p < 0.001), lifting training (χ2 = 96.24, p < 0.001), and use of personal protective equipment (PPE) of facemask (χ2 = 100.0, p < 0.001) and gloves (χ2 = 96.09, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with general WMSS among the DGWs. However, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (OR = 1.29, p = 0.018), work duration > 8 h/day (OR = 0.001, p = 0.028), female gender (OR = 6.98– 10.26, p < 0.05), sleep duration < 6 h/day (OR = 0.56–0.73, p < 0.05) and poor exercise behaviour (OR = 0.15, p = 0.013) were the identified independent risk factors of WMSS among DGWs, while DBP (OR = 0.99, p = 0.012) and female gender (OR = 6.47, p = 0.032) were the only identified independent risk factors for SWD. Conclusion: WMSS is significantly higher among DGWs than the SWD. High DBP, female gender, working beyond 8 h per day, sleeping less than 6 h per day, and insufficient exercise increase the risks of WMSDs, especially among the DGWs. To mitigate the adverse effects of WMSDs, SWD and DGWs require break and leave periods, PPE and assistive devices, exercise, medical check-up, and workplace ergonomics
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    Patterns and predictors of cultural competence practice among Nigerian hospital- based healthcare professionals
    (SpringerNature, 2023) Ogunlana, Michael O.; Oyewole, Olufemi O.; Aderonmu, Joseph A.; Onyeso, Ogochukwu K.; Faloye, Ayobamigbe Y.; Govender, Pragashnie
    Background Being culturally competent would enhance the quality of care in multicultural healthcare settings like Nigeria, with over 200 million people, 500 languages, and 250 ethnic groups. This study investigated the levels of training and practice of cultural competence among clinical healthcare professionals in two purposively selected Nigerian tertiary hospitals. Methods The research was a cross-sectional study. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to recruit participants who completed the adapted version of Cultural Competence Assessment Instrument (CCAI-UIC). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, ANOVA, and multivariate linear regression. Results The participants were mainly women (66.4%), aged 34.98 ± 10.18 years, with ≤ 5 years of practice (64.6%). Personal competence had a positive weak correlation with age (p < 0.001), practice years (p = 0.01), training (p = 0.001), practice (p < 0.001), and organisational competence (p < 0.001). There were significant professional differ- ences in the level of training (p = 0.005), and differences in training (p = 0.005), and personal competence (p = 0.015) across levels of educational qualifications. Increasing practise years (p = 0.05), medical/dental profession relative to nursing (p = 0.029), higher personal (p = 0.013), and organisational (p < 0.001) cultural competences were significant predictors of the level of training. Male gender (p = 0.005), higher years in practice (p = 0.05), local language ability (p = 0.037), rehabilitation professionals relative to nursing (p = 0.05), high culturally competent practice (p < 0.001), higher training opportunities (p = 0.013), and higher organisational competence (p = 0.001) were significant predictors of higher personal competence. Conclusion About a third of the participants had no formal training in cultural competence. Incorporating cultural competence in the Nigerian healthcare professionals’ education curricula may enhance the quality of care in the multicultural setting.
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    Radiographers’ knowledge, attitude and adherence to standard COVID-19 precautions and the policy implications: a national cross-sectional study in Nigeria
    (Taylor & Francis, 2023) Ezema, Charles I.; Erondu, Okechukwu F.; Onyeso, Ogochukwu K.; Alumona, Chiedozie J.; Ijever, Andrew W.; Amarachukwu, Charity N.; Amaeze, Amaeze A.
    Background: We investigated the knowledge of COVID-19 pathogenesis and prevention, attitude, and adherence to safe clinical practices among radiographers during the pandemic and made some informed policy recommendations. Materials and methods: The study was an online cross-sectional survey. The questionnaire captured data on respondents’ demographics, knowledge of COVID-19, attitudes, practices, and standard precaution adherence during the pandemic. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation and one-way ANOVA tests. Results: Of the 255 respondents, 17.3% were actively involved in the management of COVID-19 cases. Participants had high scores regarding their knowledge of COVID-19 pathology (82.46 ± 8.67%), prevention (93.43 ± 7.11%) and attitude (74.11 ± 11.61%), but low compliance to safety precautions (56.08 ± 18.56%). Knowledge about COVID-19 prevention strategies differed significantly across educational qualifications, F(3, 251) = 4.62, p = .004. Similarly, levels of compliance with safety precautions differed across educational qualification (F[3, 251] = 4.53, p = .004) and years-in-practice (F[4, 250] = 4.17, p = .003). Conclusion: Participants’ adherence to standard COVID-19 precautions was low. The level of professional qualification influenced participants’ knowledge and safe practices during the pandemic. Upgrading the aseptic techniques and amenities in practice settings and broadening the infectious diseases modules in the entry-level and continuous professional education may improve radiographers’ response to COVID-19 and future pandemics.