Demographic and disease characteristics associated with pain intensity, kinesiophobia, balance, and fall self-efficacy among people with osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study
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Date
2022
Authors
Ekediegwu, Ezinne C.
Akpaenyi, Chigbogu E.
Nwosu, Ifeoma B.
Onyeso, Ogochukwu K.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Springer
Abstract
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease leading to significant pain, mobility limita-
tion, economic burden, reduced quality of life, and disability among adults globally. Psychological factors related to
pain intensity (PI), kinesiophobia, fall self-efficacy (FSE), and balance may lead to a poor OA prognosis. This study was
designed to explore the association between PI, kinesiophobia, FSE, balance, and age, gender, marital status, site of
OA, duration, symmetry, comorbidity, and adaptive behaviours among patients with knee or hip OA.
Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 70 purposively selected participants aged 59.91 ± 11.12 years. Numeric
pain rating scale, Tampa scale for kinesiophobia, fall-efficacy scale, and timed up and go test were used to measure PI,
kinesiophobia, FSE, and balance, respectively. Statistical analyses were completed with the Pearson correlation test,
independent samples t-test, and multiple linear regression.
Results: The participants were mainly women (n = 59, 84.3%). However, there was no gender difference in the
reported PI, kinesiophobia, FSE, and balance. There was a significant correlation between FSE and balance (r = 0.422,
p<0.001). Kinesiophobia was significantly associated with the presence of comorbidity (β = 0.240, p = 0.001) and knee
OA (β = 0.208, p<0.042). There was an association between FSE and the use of a walking aid (β = ˗0.442, p<0.042),
stop-for-rest during walking (β = ˗0.292, p = 0.002), presence of comorbidity (β = 0.209, p = 0.014), and bilateral lower
limb OA (β = 0.167, p = 0.057). Balance was associated with the use of a walking aid (β = ˗0.421, p<0.001) and stop-for-
rest during walking (β = − 0.294, p = 0.006).
Conclusion: Osteoarthritis-related psychological distress affects both men and women. This study support integra-
tion of psychological outcomes in the assessment, management, and follow-up of people with lower limb osteo-
arthritis. Moreover, comorbidity worsened psychological distress among people with osteoarthritis. Therefore, the
traditional biomedical management of osteoarthritis can be optimised by timely diagnosis and treatment of comor-
bidities, and the inclusion of psychotherapy.
Description
Open access article. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC BY 4.0) applies
Keywords
Demography , Osteoarthritis , Pain measurement , Phobic disorders , Self-efficacy , Kinesiophobia
Citation
Ekediegwu, E. C., Akpaenyi, C. E., Nwosu, I. B., & Onyeso, O. K. (2022). Demographic and disease characteristics associated with pain intensity, kinesiophobia, balance, and fall self-efficacy among people with osteoarthritis: A cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 23, Article 533. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-022-05486-4