Gambling and problem gambling in Canada in 2018: prevalence and changes since 2002

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dc.contributor.authorWilliams, Robert J.
dc.contributor.authorLeonard, Carrie A.
dc.contributor.authorBelanger, Yale D.
dc.contributor.authorChristensen, Darren R.
dc.contributor.authorel-Guebaly, Nady
dc.contributor.authorHodgins, David C.
dc.contributor.authorMcGrath, Daniel S.
dc.contributor.authorNicoll, Fiona
dc.contributor.authorStevens, Rhys M. G.
dc.date.accessioned2020-11-06T20:31:00Z
dc.date.available2020-11-06T20:31:00Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.descriptionPermission to archive accepted author manuscript. Reuse is restricted to non-commercial and no derivative uses.en_US
dc.description.abstractObjective The purpose of this study was to provide an updated profile of gambling and problem gambling in Canada and to examine how the rates and pattern of participation compare to 2002. Method An assessment of gambling and problem gambling was included in the 2018 Canadian Community Health Survey and administered to 24,982 individuals aged 15 and older. The present analyses selected for adults (18+). Results A total of 66.2% of people reported engaging in some type of gambling in 2018, primarily lottery and/or raffle tickets, the only type in which the majority of Canadians participate. There are some significant inter-provincial differences, with perhaps the most important one being the higher rate of electronic gambling machine (EGM) participation in Manitoba and Saskatchewan The overall pattern of gambling in 2018 is very similar to 2002, although participation is generally much lower in 2018, particularly for EGMs and bingo. Only 0.6% of the population were identified as problem gamblers in 2018, with an additional 2.7% being at-risk gamblers. There is no significant inter-provincial variation in problem gambling rates. The inter-provincial pattern of problem gambling in 2018 is also very similar to what was found in 2002 with the main difference being a 45% decrease in the overall prevalence of problem gambling. Conclusions Gambling and problem gambling have both decreased in Canada from 2002 to 2018, although the provincial patterns are quite similar between the two time periods. Several mechanisms have likely collectively contributed to these declines. Decreases have also been reported in several other western countries in recent years and have occurred despite the expansion of legal gambling opportunities, suggesting a degree of inoculation or adaptation in the population.en_US
dc.description.peer-reviewYesen_US
dc.identifier.citationWilliams, R. J., Leonard, C. A., Belanger, Y. D., Christensen, D. R., el-Guebaly, N., Hodgins, D. C., McGrath, D. S., Nicoll, F., & Stevens, R. M. G. (2021). Gambling and problem gambling in Canada in 2018: Prevalence and changes since 2002. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 66(5), 485-494. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0706743720980080en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10133/5803
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherSageen_US
dc.publisher.facultyHealth Sciencesen_US
dc.publisher.facultyArts and Scienceen_US
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Lethbridgeen_US
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Calgaryen_US
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Albertaen_US
dc.publisher.urlhttps://doi.org/10.1177%2F0706743720980080
dc.subjectGamblingen_US
dc.subjectProblem gamblingen_US
dc.subjectPrevalenceen_US
dc.subjectCanadaen_US
dc.subjectOnline gambling
dc.subject.lcshGambling--Canada--Statistics
dc.subject.lcshOnline gambling--Canada
dc.subject.lcshGambling--Research--Canada
dc.titleGambling and problem gambling in Canada in 2018: prevalence and changes since 2002en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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Williams, Robert
Belanger, Yale
Christensen, Darren
Stevens, Rhys