Health Sciences, Faculty of

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    How do social and demographic characteristics interact to influence the perceived mental health of Canadian immigrants compared to the total population of Canadians
    (Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Health Sciences, 0025) Thapa, Rama; Kellett, Peter
    The immigration process and settlement are stressful, and the mental well-being of immigrants is of particular concern. Epidemiological studies suggest that first-generation (foreign born) immigrants experience better mental health than the Canadian-born population. Still, it is unclear whether this pattern varies substantially by the intersection of science & demographic factors. Cross-sectional data from public-use Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) 2017/2018 was used, representing the Canadian population aged 12 years of older residing in all ten provinces. The perceived mental health of Canadian immigrants was assessed, and the influence of social and demographic factors on the mental health of Canadian immigrants was explored. Descriptive statistics and logistics regression were used to describe demographic characteristics, and their association with perceived mental health of immigrants comparing to the total Canadian population. Younger individuals in the general population and older immigrants had a higher proportion of reporting poor mental health. Immigrants with longer residency (more than 10 years) in Canada reported higher odds of poor mental health. Canadians who had a household size 2 and owned their house reported poor mental health, whereas immigrants who rented and lived alone, reported poor mental health. There was an increased odds of reporting poor mental health among the middle-aged Canadians (35-49 yrs.), while non-significant results among immigrants suggests that age plays less of a rold in immigrants. Similar results were noted for sex, sexual orienation, household size, racial background and dwelling ownership among immigrants, suggesting that results may vary due to multiple factors intersecting with each other which potentially plays a more substantial role in immigrants' mental health outcomes.
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    The experience of being a novice nursing preceptor in western rural Canada
    (Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2024) Hawke, Tyrel L.; University of Lethbridge. Faculty of Health Sciences; Oosterbroek, Tracy
    This qualitative study explores the experiences of novice nursing preceptors in rural healthcare settings, aiming to highlight the unique challenges and opportunities they face. Drawing on an extensive literature review, the research identifies gaps in the current understanding of rural preceptorship, emphasizing the need for enhanced preparation, communication, and organizational support. Investigating the lived experiences of novice preceptors, the study employs semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of participants, providing in-depth insights into the realities of rural nursing preceptorship. The sample consists of nursing professionals who have recently undertaken preceptor roles in rural settings, offering an underexplored perspective on the challenges and needs of novice preceptors. Key findings reveal significant ambiguity in preceptors' roles and responsibilities, exacerbated by inadequate formal training and support. Communication barriers, heightened by geographical isolation, further complicate the preceptorship experience. The study also notes a pronounced lack of recognition and resources available to preceptors, underscoring the vital role of organizational support in enhancing the effectiveness of rural nursing preceptorship programs. The implications of this research are far-reaching, suggesting that targeted interventions are necessary to support novice preceptors, thereby enriching the preceptorship experience and strengthening the nursing workforce in rural communities. The findings contribute to the broader discourse on nursing education and preceptorship, offering practical recommendations for healthcare organizations, educational institutions, and policymakers to address the identified gaps.
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    Exploring the intersectional factors that influence the development of mental health challenges amongst West African women immigrant students in Lethbridge, southern Alberta, Canada: an exploratory-descriptive qualitative study.
    (Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2024) Ejetavbo, Vivienne O.; University of Lethbridge. Faculty of Health Sciences; Kellett, Peter
    The purpose of this study was to investigate the experiences of West African women immigrant students in Southern Alberta and the subsequent influence on mental health. Employing an exploratory-descriptive qualitative (EDQ) research design, an in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with twelve (12) West African women immigrant students. Thematic analysis found that these women faced overlapping obstacles in Canada, caused by intersecting factors such as race, gender, social class, and immigration status, significantly impacting their mental health. Nonetheless, the participants used a variety of coping strategies to mitigate these barriers, with culture having an important role in influencing views and coping mechanisms. The study emphasizes the need of stakeholders, policymakers, universities, and mental health practitioners to establish culturally sensitive initiatives to help West African women immigrant students, transition and integrate successfully into their new environment.
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    An analysis of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of registered nurses toward climate-driven vector borne diseases
    (Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2024) Vandenberg, Shannon Y.; University of Lethbridge. Faculty of Health Sciences; Oosterbroek, Tracy
    Background: There is abundant evidence that climate change is contributing to increasing rates of vector-borne diseases, affecting the health of Canadians. Registered nurses are central to a highly performing health care system and play an integral role in supporting individuals and populations affected by various health challenges. Purpose: The purpose of this quantitative, cross-sectional research study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of registered nurses in Canada related to climate sensitive vector-borne diseases, namely Lyme disease and West Nile virus, using Planetary Health as the guiding theoretical framework. Methods: A national survey was distributed via QualtricsTM to practicing registered nurses in Canada, through contact with nursing organizations and regulatory bodies, as well as social media. Results: 382 survey responses were included in data analysis. Survey responses were received from nurses throughout Canada, working in a wide variety of practice areas. Research findings suggest that nurses’ knowledge on climate change and vector-borne diseases was limited, especially among frontline nurses and those in Western and Northern regions of Canada. There was greater knowledge of Lyme disease compared to West Nile virus, particularly among nurses working in endemic areas and among nurses who declared Indigeneity. Participants did not often consider vector-borne diseases in practice and demonstrated a lack of confidence and preparedness in addressing vector-borne diseases in the practice setting. Barriers to discussing vector-borne diseases in practice exist, with lack of knowledge and time reported most frequently. Most study participants never received training or education on vector-borne diseases, and information on the topic in the practice setting is absent. Most participants believed they have a role in health equity and social justice, particularly for equity-denied populations. Conclusion: A greater understanding of nurses’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices of climate driven vector-borne diseases has been achieved through the meaningful data obtained from study participants. Based on the findings, recommendations for education, practice, advocacy, and research are presented, with the goal that nurses are better educated, and subsequently more prepared to address vector-borne diseases in the practice setting and assume a greater role in leading change to advocate for a climate-resilient future.
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    The lived experience of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) support workers through the COVID-19 pandemic
    (Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2023) Bulmer, Sydney J.; University of Lethbridge. Faculty of Health Sciences; Sanders, James
    This phenomenological study explores the lived experience of support workers who have worked with clients with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through in-depth interviews with five support workers, the study aims to understand the extent to which working during the pandemic has impacted the support workers' experiences and their relationships with clients. The findings reveal that the pandemic brought numerous challenges, including the need for constant adaptation, limited ability to provide necessary support, and disruptions in routine and resources. Participants identified building rapport and trust as crucial aspects of successful relationships with their clients. The pandemic presented barriers to building trust with new clients, but pre-existing rapport mitigated some of these challenges. Clients with FASD experienced negative impacts on their well-being, including increased substance use, limited access to resources, and difficulties in maintaining self-care. Support workers faced unique challenges in advocating for the FASD population during the pandemic, stemming from limited knowledge and training on FASD, as well as disruptions in service provision and communication. Effective communication strategies and person-centered approaches were identified as essential in supporting clients with FASD. Support workers also faced significant mental health challenges, mirroring those experienced by other healthcare workers during the pandemic. This study contributes to the understanding of the experiences of support workers and clients with FASD during times of societal upheaval. The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions, enhanced training, and support systems to address the unique needs of this population. Practical implications include the importance of day-to-day adaptive strategies, fostering trust and rapport, effective communication, and supporting the mental well-being of support workers. Further research should explore long-term effects, evaluate interventions, and examine the experiences of clients with FASD themselves.