Metaplasticity : how experience during brain development influences the subsequent exposure to a drug of abuse
Date
2011
Authors
Muhammad, Arif
University of Lethbridge. Faculty of Arts and Science
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Neuroscience, c2011
Abstract
The influence of experience during brain development was investigated on juvenile behavior, adult amphetamine sensitization, and neuronal structural plasticity in rats. Two experiential factors (i.e., tactile stimulation and stress) were studied either before or soon after birth. Early experience feminized social behavior in males; however, only stress enhanced anxiety-like behavior in males. Repeated amphetamine administration resulted in the development and persistence of behavioral sensitization. However, tactile stimulation attenuated the drug-induced behavioral sensitization whereas stress failed to influence the degree of sensitization. Neuroanatomical findings revealed that early experience altered the cortical and subcortical structures. Furthermore, drug exposure reorganized the brain structures involved in addiction but early experience prevented the drug-associated changes. Early adverse experience influences the subsequent exposure to a drug of abuse at anatomical level whereas a favorable experience has an effect both at behavioral and anatomical levels and thus may play a protective role against drug-induced sensitization and addiction.
Description
xii, 263 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm
Keywords
Brain -- Effect of drugs on -- Research , Brain -- Effect of stress on -- Research , Brain -- Adaptation , Prefrontal cortex -- Effect of drugs on -- Research , Prefrontal cortex -- Effect of stress on -- Research , Prefrontal cortex -- Adaptation , Nucleus accumbens -- Effect of drugs on -- Research , Nucleus accumbens -- Effect of stress on -- Research , Nucleus accumbens -- Adaptation , Developmental neurophysiology , Neuroplasticity , Rats as laboratory animals , Dissertations, Academic