Shortening fire return interval predisposes west-central Canadian boreal peatlands to more rapid vegetation growth and transition to forest cover

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dc.contributor.authorJones, Emily Ann
dc.contributor.authorChasmer, Laura
dc.contributor.authorDevito, Kevin J.
dc.contributor.authorHopkinson, Christopher
dc.date.accessioned2024-08-16T19:15:51Z
dc.date.available2024-08-16T19:15:51Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.descriptionOpen access article. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC BY 4.0) applies
dc.description.abstractClimate change in northern latitudes is increasing the vulnerability of peatlands and the riparian transition zones between peatlands and upland forests (referred to as ecotones) to greater frequency of wildland fires. We examined early post-fire vegetation regeneration following the 2011 Utikuma complex fire (central Alberta, Canada). This study examined 779 peatlands and adjacent ecotones, covering an area of ~182 km2. Based on the known regional fire history, peatlands that burned in 2011 were stratified into either long return interval (LRI) fire regimes of >80 years (i.e., no recorded prior fire history) or short fire return interval (SRI) of 55 years (i.e., within the boundary of a documented severe fire in 1956). Data from six multitemporal airborne lidar surveys were used to quantify trajectories of vegetation change for 8 years prior to and 8 years following the 2011 fire. To date, no studies have quantified the impacts of post-fire regeneration following short versus long return interval fires across this broad range of peatlands with variable environmental and post-fire successional trajectories. We found that SRI peatlands demonstrated more rapid vascular and shrub growth rates, especially in peatland centers, than LRI peatlands. Bogs and fens burned in 1956, and with little vascular vegetation (classified as “open peatlands”) prior to the 2011 fire, experienced the greatest changes. These peatlands tended to transition to vascular/shrub forms following the SRI fire, while open LRI peatlands were not significantly different from pre-fire conditions. The results of this study suggest the emergence of a positive feedback, where areas experiencing SRI fires in southern boreal peatlands are expected to transition to forested vegetation forms. Along fen edges and within bog centers, SRI fires are expected to reduce local peatland groundwater moisture-holding capacity and promote favorable conditions for increased fire frequency and severity in the future.
dc.description.peer-reviewYes
dc.identifier.citationJones, E. A., Chasmer, L. E., Devito, K. J., & Hopkinson, C. D. (2024). Shortening fire return interval predisposes west-central Canadian boreal peatlands to more rapid vegetation growth and transition to forest cover. Global Change Biology, 30(2), Article e17185. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17185
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10133/6863
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherWiley
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Geography and Environment
dc.publisher.facultyArts and Science
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Lethbridge
dc.publisher.institutionUniversity of Alberta
dc.publisher.urlhttps://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17185
dc.subjectAirborne lidar
dc.subjectChange detection
dc.subjectClimate change
dc.subjectRemote sensing
dc.subjectWetland monitoring
dc.subjectWildland fire
dc.subjectBoreal peatlands
dc.subjectFire history
dc.subjectFire return
dc.subject.lcshPeatlands--Canada
dc.subject.lcshWetlands--Monitoring--Canada
dc.subject.lcshWildfires--Canada
dc.titleShortening fire return interval predisposes west-central Canadian boreal peatlands to more rapid vegetation growth and transition to forest cover
dc.typeArticle
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