Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Mycoplasma bovis and Pasteurella multocida isolated from Albertan feedlot cattle

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dc.contributor.authorSultana, Razia
dc.contributor.authorUniversity of Lethbridge. Faculty of Arts and Science
dc.contributor.supervisorThakor, Nehal
dc.contributor.supervisorAlexander, Trevor W.
dc.date.accessioned2023-07-05T19:55:58Z
dc.date.available2023-07-05T19:55:58Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.degree.levelMasters
dc.description.abstractBovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a significant health problem for the Canadian feedlot industry. While often polymicrobial in nature, Mycoplasma bovis and Pasteurella multocida are considered important respiratory pathogens for BRD. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of M. bovis and P. multocida isolated from Albertan feedlot cattle that were sampled 8 years apart. In the first study, nasopharyngeal swabs from cattle sampled at feedlot entry and after 60 days on feed were collected in 2008-2009 (Cohort 1). In a second study conducted in 2015-2016 (Cohort 2), nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from cattle diagnosed with BRD and matching healthy controls. Trans-tracheal samples were also collected from Cohort 2 cattle for M. bovis evaluation. For Cohort 1, the prevalence of M. bovis was lower in cattle at entry compared to when the same individuals were sampled ≥60 days later (P<0.05). For Cohort 2, the prevalence of M. bovis was greater in both nasopharyngeal and tracheal samples from cattle diagnosed with BRD, compared to controls (P<0.05). Similarly, P. multocida was more frequently isolated from the nasopharynx of BRD cases. Antimicrobial-resistant patterns changed broadly over the 8-year time period with resistance being lower (P<0.05) in Cohort 1 bacteria for florfenicol and tulathromycin. When evaluated for resistance genes by PCR, the majority (98%) of oxytetracycline-resistant isolates carried tet(H) while only 16 (15%) out of 106 tulathromycin-resistant isolates from Cohort 2 carried a known macrolide resistance gene. The genomes of nine tulathromycin-resistant isolates were sequenced, leading to the identification of a conserved gene cluster that was present in all isolates with tulathromycin-resistance but unknown macrolide resistance genes. One of the genes was a novel putative methylase, which doubled the minimum inhibitory concentration against tulathromycin when cloned into Escherichia coli. This study showed that macrolide resistance in M. bovis and P. multocida increased over an 8-year span, coinciding with the approval and adoption of tulathromycin to prevent BRD in Canadian cattle. Additionally, a novel putative macrolide resistance gene was identified and shown to be widespread in P. multocida from the feedlots enrolled in this study. The rapid development of resistance to a newly used antimicrobial indicates the need to reserve essential antimicrobials for the treatment of cattle, to maintain their efficacy.
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10133/6513
dc.language.isoen
dc.proquest.subject0410
dc.proquest.subject0307
dc.proquest.subject0475
dc.proquestyesYes
dc.publisherLethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Biological Sciences
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Biological Sciences
dc.publisher.facultyArts and Science
dc.relation.ispartofseriesThesis (University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science)
dc.subjectbovine respiratory disease
dc.subjectMicoplasma bovis
dc.subjectPasteurella multocida
dc.subjectfeedlot cattle
dc.subjectantimicrobial resistance
dc.subjectmacrolide resistance
dc.subject.lcshCattle--Infections--Research--Alberta
dc.subject.lcshCattle--Diseases--Research--Alberta
dc.subject.lcshBeef cattle--Infections--Research--Alberta
dc.subject.lcshBeef cattle--Diseases--Research--Alberta
dc.subject.lcshBacterial diseases in animals--Research
dc.subject.lcshCommunicable diseases in animals--Research
dc.subject.lcshPasteurella multocida--Research
dc.subject.lcshRespiratory organs--Diseases--Research
dc.subject.lcshDrug resistance in microorganisms--Research
dc.subject.lcshFeedlots--Alberta
dc.subject.lcshDissertations, Academic
dc.titlePrevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Mycoplasma bovis and Pasteurella multocida isolated from Albertan feedlot cattle
dc.typeThesis
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