The anatomical and behavioural correlates of experience
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Date
2007
Authors
Comeau, Wendy L.
University of Lethbridge. Faculty of Arts and Science
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Neuroscience
Abstract
The effects of experience on developing and mature prefrontal brain circuitry and
behaviour were investigated in rats using Ritalin, complex housing, and learning as tools.
The results showed that Ritalin altered prefrontal cortical (PFC) circuitry and produced
abnormal play behaviour and cognitive deficits into adulthood. Moreover, early stimulant
exposure inhibited the robust anatomical changes typical after complex housing,
demonstrating that early drug experience compromised cortical plasticity. Ritalin also
altered adult PFC circuitry, but without enduring behavioural effects. Thus, it appeared
that the mature brain was better able to compensate under adverse conditions.
Nonetheless, novel experiences altered adult PFC circuitry with individual tasks
producing unique patterns of change. Therefore, similar to other cortical regions the PFC
was modified by experience. What was unique, however, was that experience-induced
plasticity in the PFC appeared to be transient in adult animals, suggesting that once the
task was learned the PFC was no longer required.
Description
xix, 319 leaves: illustrations ; 29 cm
Keywords
Ritalin , prefrontal cortical circuitry , cortical plasticity , experience-dependent changes , developing prefrontal cortex , adult prefrontal cortex , Prefrontal cortex -- Effect of drugs on -- Research , Prefrontal cortex -- Physiology , Methylphenidate , Neuroplasticity -- Research , Neuroplasticity -- Animal models , Critical periods (Biology) -- Effect of drugs on , Experience , Developmental neurobiology , Rats as laboratory animals , Dissertations, Academic