Coordination of di-acetylated histone ligands by the ATAD2 bromodomain
Loading...
Date
2021
Authors
Evans, Chiara M.
Phillips, Margaret
Malone, Kiera L.
Tonelli, Marco
Cornilescu, Gabriel
Cornilescu, Claudia
Holton, Simon J.
Gorjánácz, Mátyás
Wang, Liping
Carlson, Samuel
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
MDPI
Abstract
The ATPase Family, AAA domain-containing protein 2 (ATAD2) bromodomain (BRD)
has a canonical bromodomain structure consisting of four -helices. ATAD2 functions as a coactivator
of the androgen and estrogen receptors as well as the MYC and E2F transcription factors.
ATAD2 also functions during DNA replication, recognizing newly synthesized histones. In addition,
ATAD2 is shown to be up-regulated in multiple forms of cancer including breast, lung, gastric,
endometrial, renal, and prostate. Furthermore, up-regulation of ATAD2 is strongly correlated with
poor prognosis in many types of cancer, making the ATAD2 bromodomain an innovative target for
cancer therapeutics. In this study, we describe the recognition of histone acetyllysine modifications by
the ATAD2 bromodomain. Residue-specific information on the complex formed between the histone
tail and the ATAD2 bromodomain, obtained through nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR)
and X-ray crystallography, illustrates key residues lining the binding pocket, which are involved
in coordination of di-acetylated histone tails. Analytical ultracentrifugation, NMR relaxation data,
and isothermal titration calorimetry further confirm the monomeric state of the functionally active
ATAD2 bromodomain in complex with di-acetylated histone ligands. Overall, we describe histone
tail recognition by ATAD2 BRD and illustrate that one acetyllysine group is primarily engaged by the
conserved asparagine (N1064), the “RVF” shelf residues, and the flexible ZA loop. Coordination of a
second acetyllysine group also occurs within the same binding pocket but is essentially governed by
unique hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions making the di-acetyllysine histone coordination
more specific than previously presumed.
Description
Open access article. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC BY 4.0) applies
Keywords
ATAD2 bromodomain , Acetylated histones , Post-translational modifications , Isothermal titration calorimetry , Analytical ultracentrifugation , Chromatin reader domain
Citation
Evans, C. M., Phillips, M., Malone, K. L., Tonelli, M., Cornilescu, G., Cornilescu, C., Holton, S. J., Gorjánácz, M., Wang, L., Carlson, S., Gay, J. C., Nix, J. C., Demeler, B., Markley, J. L., & Glass, K. C. (2021). Coordination of di-acetylated histone ligands by the ATAD2 bromodomain. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(17), Article E9128. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179128