Yevtushenko, Dmytro
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- ItemA survey of Helicotylenchus, Paratylenchus, Pratylenchus, and Tylenchorhynchus nematodes in potato fields in Alberta, 2018 and 2019(Taylor & Francis, 2021) Robertson, C. J.; Yevtushenko, Dmytro P.; Snowdon, E.; Harding, M. W.The prevalence of Helicotylenchus, Paratylenchus, Pratylenchus and Tylenchorhynchus genera of nematodes is not well understood across the prairie provinces of Canada. These nematodes can cause economic damage by feeding on the host crop directly or serve as vectors of plant diseases. While conducting a larger project, nematode populations were quantified in the soil of three commercial potato fields planted with cultivar ‘Russet Burbank’; one in 2018 and two in 2019. The nematodes were extracted from soil samples, identified morphologically, and then quantified as numbers per kg of fresh soil. All four genera were detected in all fields, but the population sizes varied between fields and across time within fields.
- ItemSurvey of potato early dying disease complex in Alberta's commercial potato fields, 2021-2022(Taylor & Francis, 2023) Rahman, A. U.; Munawar, M.; Konschuh, Michele; Tenuta, M.; Harding, M. W.; Yevtushenko, Dmytro P.Potato fields were evaluated for inci dence and severity of early dying disease complex in the growing seasons of 2021 and 2022. Disease sure varied among the fields in both years. Fields taining higher inoculum levels of Verticillium dahliae in the fall soil samples as determined by qPCR of soil samples typically showed more potato early dying (PED) symptom development in the subsequent ing season. The incidence of PED was higher in 2022 than in 2021. Results demonstrated the potential of qPCR evaluation of representative soil samples as an aid for risk prediction activities in potato production systems dealing with PED.
- ItemFirst report of three Tylenchidae taxa from southern Alberta, Canada(MDPI, 2021) Munawar, Maria; Yevtushenko, Dmytro P.; Castillo, PabloMembers of the family Tylenchidae are highly abundant in soil habitats, including agricultural settings, where they play key ecological roles. In the present study, we identified three Tylenchidae species, namely Basiria bhabi, Coslenchus acceptus, and Filenchus vulgaris, using integrative taxonomy. The detailed morphological and morphometric characteristics, distribution, and host associations of each species were also discussed. Phylogenetic analyses of these populations with other Tylenchidae nematodes indicated the presence of divergent lineages in Filenchus and Basiria, whereas Coslenchus appeared to be a monophyletic genus. Herein, we aim to grow awareness about this common but least studied group of nematodes. The species reported in this study are new records for Canada, revealing that the identified nematode diversity in our cultivated areas is relatively underrepresented. Our analyses also provided greater taxonomic resolution and captured rare taxa that might have been missed or misidentified in prior nematode inventory surveys. These findings will add to our understanding of the nematofauna of southern Alberta, thereby providing a more complete picture of existing nematode diversity present in the fields of this highly cultivated region.
- ItemOverexpression of Douglas-Fir LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (PmLEC1) in Arabidopsis induces embryonic programs and embryo-like structures in the lec1-1 mutant but not in wild type plants(MDPI, 2021) Vetrici, Mariana A.; Yevtushenko, Dmytro P.; Misra, SantoshSomatic embryogenesis (SE) is the most promising method for the quick propagation of desirable plant genotypes. However, application of SE to conifers remains challenging due to our limited knowledge about the genes involved in embryogenesis and the processes that lead to somatic embryo formation. Douglas-fir, an economically important lumber species, possesses a homolog of the angiosperm embryo-regulatory LEC1 gene. In the present study, we analyzed the potential of Douglas-fir PmLEC1 to induce embryonic programs in the vegetative cells of a heterologous host, Arabidopsis thaliana. PmLEC1 complemented the Arabidopsis lec1-1 null mutant and led to a variety of phenotypes ranging from normal morphology to developmental arrest at various stages in the T1 generation. PmLEC1 did not affect the morphology of wild type Arabidopsis T1 plants. More profound results occurred in T2 generations. PmLEC1 expression induced formation of recurrent somatic embryo-like structures in vegetative tissues of the rescued lec1-1 mutant but loss of apical dominance (bushy phenotype) in wild type plants. The activation of embryonic programs in the lec1-1PmLEC1 T2 plants was confirmed by the presence of the embryo-specific transcripts, OLEOSIN and CRUCIFERIN. In contrast, no embryo-like structures, and no OLEOSIN or CRUCIFERIN were observed in PmLEC1-expressing bushy wild type T2 plants.
- ItemDouglas-fir LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (PmLEC1) is an active transcription factor during zygotic and somatic embryogenesis(Wiley, 2021) Vetrici, Mariana A.; Yevtushenko, Dmytro P.; Misra, SantoshDouglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) is one of the world's premier lumber species and somatic embryogenesis (SE) is the most promising method for rapid propagation of superior tree genotypes. The development and optimization of SE protocols in conifers is hindered by a lack of knowledge of the molecular basis of embryogenesis and limited sequence data. In Arabidopsis, the LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (AtLEC1) gene is a master regulator of embryogenesis that induces SE when expressed ectopically. We isolated the LEC1 homologue from Douglas-fir, designated as PmLEC1. PmLEC1 expression in somatic embryos and developing seeds demonstrated a unique, alternating pattern of expression with the highest levels during early stages of embryogenesis. PmLEC1 protein accumulation during seed development correlated with its transcriptional levels during early embryogenesis; however, substantial protein levels persisted until 2 weeks on germination medium. Treatment of mature, stratified seeds with 2,4-epibrassinolide, sorbitol, mannitol, or NaCl upregulated PmLEC1 expression, which may provide strategies to induce SE from mature tissues. Sequence analysis of the PmLEC1 gene revealed a 5′ UTR intron containing binding sites for transcription factors (TFs), such as ABI3, LEC2, FUS3, and AGL15, which are critical regulators of embryogenesis in angiosperms. Regulatory elements for these and other seed-specific TFs and biotic and abiotic signals were identified within the PmLEC1 locus. Most importantly, functional analysis of PmLEC1 showed that it rescued the Arabidopsis lec1-1 null mutant and, in the T2 generation, led to the development of embryo-like structures, indicating a key role of PmLEC1 in the regulation of embryogenesis.