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Reading peer review: PLOS ONE and institutional change in academia
(Cambridge University Press, 2021) Eve, Martin P.; Neylon, Cameron; O'Donnell, Daniel Paul; Moore, Samuel; Gadie, Robert; Odeniyi, Victoria; Parvin, Shahina
This Element describes for the ﬁrst time the database of peer review reports at PLOS ONE, the largest scientiﬁc journal in the world, to which the authors had unique access. Speciﬁcally, this Element presents the background contexts and histories of peer review, the data-handling sensitivities of this type of research,the typical properties of reports in the journal to which the authors had access, a taxonomy of the reports, and their sentiment arcs.This unique work thereby yields a compelling and unprecedented set of insights into the evolving state of peer review in the twenty-ﬁrst century, at a crucial political moment for the transformation of science.It also,though,presents a study in radicalism and the ways in which PLOS’s vision for science can be said to have effected change in the ultra-conservative contemporary university