Historic and contemporary hybridization of three Sphyrapicus sapsucker species

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dc.contributor.authorNatola, Elizabeth May
dc.contributor.authorUniversity of Lethbridge. Faculty of Arts and Science
dc.contributor.supervisorBurg, Theresa M.
dc.date.accessioned2017-05-18T20:17:43Z
dc.date.available2017-05-18T20:17:43Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.degree.levelMastersen_US
dc.description.abstractThis study examined the rangewide genetic structure of three hybridizing woodpecker species (Sphyrapicus ruber, S. nuchalis, and S. varius), and hybridization at a S. nuchalis/S. varius hybrid zone in central Alberta. Mitochondrial DNA and nuclear Z-linked markers show high intraspecific population connectivity, and limited interspecific connectivity predominantly occurring in hybrid zones. We found evidence of a Haida Gwaii refugium for S. ruber and an east-west Pleistocene split for S. varius. Genetic data and Ecological Niche Modelling suggest these species diverged, not allopatrically as has long been assumed, but in sympatry with gene flow. Next-generation sequencing methods and traditional SNP analysis showed a well-established S. nuchalis/S. varius hybrid zone, with high rates of introgression, particularly in S. nuchalis. While hybridization in contact zones is extensive, movement of alleles out of the hybrid zone is limited. As such, plumage, behaviour, or ecology might also impact sapsucker speciation.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipAlberta Innovates, North American Bluebird Society, NSERCen_US
dc.embargoNoen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10133/4848
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.proquest.subject0472en_US
dc.proquest.subject0369en_US
dc.proquestyesYesen_US
dc.publisherLethbridge, Alta : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Biological Sciencesen_US
dc.publisher.departmentDepartment of Biological Sciencesen_US
dc.publisher.facultyArts and Scienceen_US
dc.relation.ispartofseriesThesis (University of Lethbridge. Faculty of Arts and Science)en_US
dc.subjectgene flowen_US
dc.subjecthybridizationen_US
dc.subjectmitochondrial DNA markersen_US
dc.subjectspeciationen_US
dc.subjectspecies divergenceen_US
dc.subjectZ-linked markersen_US
dc.subjectSapsuckers -- Hybridization -- Research -- Canadaen_US
dc.subjectRed-breasted sapsucker -- Hybridization -- Researchen_US
dc.subjectRed-naped sapsucker -- Hybridization -- Research -- Albertaen_US
dc.subjectYellow-bellied sapsucker -- Hybridization -- Research -- Albertaen_US
dc.subjectHybridizationen_US
dc.subjectIsolating mechanismsen_US
dc.subjectGene flowen_US
dc.subjectDivergence (Biology)en_US
dc.subjectMitochondrial DNA -- Analysisen_US
dc.subjectEvolutionary geneticsen_US
dc.titleHistoric and contemporary hybridization of three Sphyrapicus sapsucker speciesen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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