OPUS: Open Ulethbridge Scholarship
Open ULeth Scholarship (OPUS) is the University of Lethbridge's open access research repository. It contains a collection of materials related to research and teaching produced by the academic community.
Self-archiving your research in OPUS is one way to meet Open Access policies of granting agencies. It is important to retain your final, post-peer-reviewed drafts for submission to OPUS, as this is often the only version publishers will allow to be archived. Click here for information on the U of L Open Access Policy.
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Alkylamido lutetium complexes as prospective lutetium imido precursors: synthesis, characterization and ligand design
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2025) Knott, Jackson P.; Hsiang, Shou-Jen; Hayes, Paul G.
Mixed alkylamido lutetium complexes, LiPrLu(CH2SiMe3)(NHCPh3) (7CPh3) and LiPrLu(CH2SiMe3)(NHDipp) (7Dipp) (LiPr = 2,5-[iPr2P = N(4-iPrC6H4)]2C4H2N−), were synthesized by addition of a bulky primary amine, NH2R (R = CPh3, Dipp) (Dipp = 2,6-iPr2C6H3) to the dialkyl complex LiPrLu(CH2SiMe3)2 (6). Unlike complexes supported by the related pincer ligand LPh (LPh = 2,5-[Ph2P = N(4-iPrC6H4)]2C4H2N−) these species proved resistant to C–H cyclometalative processes. Attempts to access lutetium imdes via addition of 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) to 7CPh3 and 7Dipp promoted disproportionation, affording 0.5 equivalents of the corresponding bisamide complexes LiPrLu(NHCPh3)2 (8CPh3) and LiPrLu(NHDipp)2 (8Dipp), respectively, as well as 0.5 equivalents of LiPrLu(CH2SiMe3)2, which decomposed in the presence of DMAP. Incorporation of internal Lewis bases was accomplished by replacing the N-aryl substituents in LiPr with 4,6-dimethylpyrimidine groups (LPm, 11). The correspondng dialkyl lutetium complex LPmLu(CH2SiMe3)2 (12) was prepared, from which loss of SiMe4 occured over a period of hours in benzene-d6 solution.
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Rhodium-mediated assembly of new heterocycles: from borylenes to oxaboroles
(Wiley, 2025) Hsiang, Shou-Jen; Hayes, Paul G.
Base-stabilized rhodium borylene complex κ2-L(CO)Rh(BMes), 2; κ2-L=κ2-NN’-Rh,κ1-N−B-(2,5-[iPr2P=N(4-iPrC6H4)]2-N’(C4H2)−); Mes=mesityl, reacts with a series of alkynes (PhC≡C—R; R=Ph, Me, CO2Et, H) to yield unique structures whereby the alkyne has regioselectively added across boron and the carbon atom of a CO ligand. The resulting complexes, LRh[C(O)C(Ph)C(R)B(Mes)], 3R, react with additional CO to afford cycle-containing products, L(CO)Rhmathematical equation ), 5R, that ultimately release highly functionalized organic heterocycles of the form mathematical equation =NPipp (Pipp=4-iPrC6H4), 6. These oxaboroles, which were assembled from a primary hydroborane, CO, an alkyne, and an azide-generated NPipp, are structurally analogous to two of the five boron-containing therapeutics approved by the FDA.
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The relationship between financial education in young adults and financial literacy: a review of the literature in Canada and the United States
(Wiley, 2025) Adesina, Folasade; Carnaghan, Carla; Smith, James
Professional accounting bodies in Canada and the United States, and throughout the world, have funded programs to improve financial literacy for many years. This ongoing interest stems from the expected benefits of improved financial behavior for individuals, society, and financial markets. However, the fact that relatively little research on financial literacy has been published in accounting journals suggests that few accounting academics are aware of, interested in, or motivated to work on the topic. This review helps to identify what we know about the effectiveness of financial education programs intended specifically for young adults, who constitute the demographic group likely to gain the most from improved financial literacy. Our review identifies factors that impinge both on the effectiveness of financial education programs and the research examining these programs. Noteworthy factors include (1) a lack of theoretical frameworks to guide the programs and research on the programs, (2) a tendency for outcome measures to capture financial knowledge rather than financial behaviors, and (3) the need for stronger research designs. We also note some possible instructional design considerations in developing financial education programs and highlight financial literacy as a promising area of research for accounting academics. Our findings can help guide improvements to financial education programs and encourage further research to assess the effectiveness of financial literacy programs.
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On the occurrence, behaviour, and fate of naphthenic acid fraction compounds in aquatic environments
(Elsevier, 2025) Vander Meulen, Ian J.; Headley, John V.; McMartin, Dena
Naphthenic acids and naphthenic acid fraction compounds (NAFCs) are associated with production of unconventional petroleum resources, especially the Athabasca Oil Sands of Alberta, Canada. This complex mixture of acidic organic compounds is toxic to a variety of taxa, and so represents an important environmental management challenge. Thus, there is clear motivation to better understand the occurrence and characteristics of NAFCs in aquatic environments, their chemical behaviour, and environmental fate. Empowered by modern high-resolution mass spectrometry analyses, improved descriptions of the environmental occurrence of NAFCs have emerged. These studies include spatiotemporal survey studies describing the characteristics and quantities of NAFCs, as well as forensic methods working towards reliable source differentiations. Work has also proceeded in earnest to advance mechanistic understandings of how NAFCs are affected by passive phenomena, such as soil and sediment sorption, and chemically reactive mechanisms such as photolysis and biodegradation. Further advances describe the environmental fate and behaviour of NAFCs as they are transported and transformed across environmental compartments. In the context of Canadian oil sands, the available data describe NAFCs as a dynamic compound class that both affects and is affected by their receiving environment. By working towards a comprehensive understanding of the behaviour and fate of NAs and NAFCs, we might better anticipate the extent to which residual toxic effects may persist in reclaimed landscapes.
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The transition to motherhood as the temporal locus of change for social network integration among wild vervet monkeys
(Elsevier, 2025) Vilette, C.; Bonnell, T. R.; Dostie, Marcus; Henzi, Peter; Barrett, Louise
The birth of a first offspring represents a major change in a female mammal’s social circumstances. We hypothesize that the transition to motherhood marks a significant shift in the social network dynamics of female vervet monkeys, Chlorocebus pygerythrus, and represents the crucial boundary between juvenile and adult patterns of engagement. To test this, we compare the grooming network structure of primiparous and multiparous females, using both direct and indirect measures of centrality. We found that, following the birth of their first infant, ego-structure of primiparous females converged with that of multiparous females and that primiparous females became more central in their grooming networks around their first birth event, as measured by eigenvector centrality. Examining shifts in the number of new social ties formed across the birth event, we found a very small increase in the formation of new strong ties, but a larger increase in the number of additional weak ties. A simulated ‘knockout’ analysis showed that both types of ties contributed to the observed increase in eigenvector centrality. Overall, our findings support the idea that motherhood serves as a catalyst for juveniles to transition into adult social configurations. Note, however, that although the juvenile–adult boundary marked the temporal locus of change for social integration, there was, nevertheless, a striking consistency in the stability of ego-network structure across both the juvenile period and through the motherhood transition. This structure may enhance individual flexibility in social engagement and accommodate the specific needs of females as they experience changes in status and broader demographic shifts within their groups.